The way in which the pilgrimage to Mecca can be performed and the regulations governing its rites vary according to where the pilgrim lives or whether intends to make ‘Umrah along with Hajj or whether one wants to offer an animal sacrifice or not. These variations have been traditionally grouped into three categories and referred to as the three types of Hajj: Hajj Ifrad, Hajj Qiran and Hajj Tamattu‘. Any one of these three methods, if performed according to their regulations without doing any actions which invalidate them, fulfill the compulsory Islamic requirement of Hajj once in a lifetime. The three permissible kinds of Hajj with the rules and regulations governing each of them are as follows:
IFRAD
QIRAN
TAMATU'
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Isolated Hajj: The pilgrim performing it is called Mufrid.
This type is allowed only for those living within the boundaries (Miqat) from which Ihram is put on.
Accompanied Hajj: The pilgrim performing it is called Qarin. It can only be done by those living outside the Miqat.
"This concession is only for those whose homes are not near the sacred Mosque."
[Noble Quran 2:196]
Enjoyable Hajj: The pilgrim performing it is called Mutamatti‘. It can only to be done by those living outside the Miqat
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A pilgrim is required to enter the state of Ihram with the intention of doing Hajj only.
This is Hajj combined with ‘Umrah without coming out of Ihram, The Qarin should enter the state of Ihram with the intention of performing ‘Umrah and Hajj together. The Qarin is not allowed to come out of the Ihram no matter how long the period between his ‘Umrah and Hajj may be.
‘Umrah is combined with Hajj under this type; however, a new Ihram is made for the Hajj After coming out of the Ihram of ‘Umrah, the Mutamatti‘ is allowed to do everything that was permitted before going into the state of Ihram.
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If a Mufrid performs ‘Umrah during the months of Hajj (Shawwal, Dhul-Qa'dah & Dhul-Hijjah) prior to the beginning of the Hajj rites proper (8th of Dhul-Hijjah), he is no longer considered a Mufrid. He must now shift to one of the other two types of Hajj combine ‘Umrah along with them and their regulations must instead be followed.
For Hajj Qiran, the ‘Umrah has to be done within the months of Hajj (Shawwal, Dhul-Qa'dah & the first ten days of Dhul-Hijjah) and completed before beginning the rites of Hajj.
The ‘Umrah has to be within the months of Hajj and must be completed before beginning the rites of Hajj. After completing ‘Umrah, the pilgrim making Hajj Tamattu‘ must come out of his or her state of Ihram.
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When he reaches Mecca, he performs Tawaf for his arrival and Sa'i for Hajj known as Tawaf al Qudum (the arrival circuit). It is permissible for him to postpone his Sa'i for Hajj until after his Tawaf for Hajj.
When he reaches Mecca, he performs Tawaf for his arrival and Sa'i for Hajj.
The Tawaf made for ‘Umrah takes the place of the arrival Tawaf (Tawaf al-Qudum). This is then followed by 2 Rak'as Salah near to Ibrahim's station (In case of heavy traffic he may do the Salah anywhere in the general area to avoid causing problems with those making their Tawaf).
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No shaving or clipping hair, as he doesn’t disengage from Ihram. Instead, he remains in Ihram till after he stones Jamrah Al-Aqabah on the Eid day.
The Qarin should clip his hair after ‘Umrah instead of shaving it.
The Mutamatti‘ should clip his hair instead of shaving it to come out of his state of Ihram after completing the ‘Umrah part of his pilgrimage.
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May offer an animal sacrifice if he wants to, but he is under no obligation to do so.
Must offer an animal sacrifice which he brought along with him from the boundaries known as the Miqat.
Must offer an animal sacrifice, but if he is unable to do so, he is required to fast for ten days according to Allah’s statement:
"But if someone can not afford a sacrifice, he can fast three days during Hajj and seven row days after returning home. That is ten days in all."
[Noble Quran 2:196]
